al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis, Albucasis)

Surgeon of al-Andalus, born at al-Zahra near Córdoba; author of the medical encyclopaedia al-Tasrif contested

Dates: 936 to 1013 (930 to 1013 in one source) (source: Hektoen International: Abulcasis, the pharmacist-surgeon )
Chapters: IV. The Flask

Contested

Modern tributes call him the inventor of lithotripsy or the first to extract a bladder stone with forceps. These priority claims are not verified; what is documented is a drill for urethral stones and forceps for crushing a large bladder stone.

Sources

Hektoen International: Lithotripsy, a historical review Secondary
Hektoen International: Abulcasis, the pharmacist-surgeon Secondary

What the film says

Drew some two hundred surgical instruments for his encyclopaedia, among them a urethral stone drill, a silver catheter and a bladder syringe.

Watch 16:35 in the film IV. The Flask

On the timeline

c. 1000: al-Zahrawi's al-Tasrif illustrates about two hundred surgical instruments, among them a urethral stone drill, a silver catheter and a bladder syringe. timeline
12th century (1150 in one source): Gerard of Cremona translates al-Tasrif into Latin. probable timeline

Sources

Hektoen International: Abulcasis, the pharmacist-surgeon Secondary
IEEE Pulse: Could al-Zahrawi be considered a biomedical engineer? Secondary
BAUS 2021 e-poster: Albucasis (930-1013 AD), innovations in stone surgery Museum or society