110 people
People
Dates appear only where a source in the film's research gives them. Contested attributions are marked.
A
- al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis, Albucasis) (936 to 1013 (930 to 1013 in one source)) Surgeon of al-Andalus, born at al-Zahra near Córdoba; author of the medical encyclopaedia al-Tasrif contested
- Alexander B. Gutman Co-author of the 1938 paper on serum acid phosphatase in prostate cancer
- Alexander von Lichtenberg (1880-1949) Co-introducer of retrograde pyelography (1906); head of the St Hedwig clinic in Berlin where Swick completed his work contested
- Alfred Newton Richards (1876-1966) University of Pennsylvania; led the frog micropuncture work with Wearn
- Ammonius (Lithotomos) Surgeon of Alexandria who split bladder stones at the wound contested
- Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564) Anatomist
- Antonin Jean Desormeaux Paris surgeon (Hôpital Necker from 1862); built and named the endoscope; often called the father of endoscopy
- Arthur Binz (1868-1943) Chemist at the Agricultural Academy, Berlin; with Curt Räth made the iodinated pyridine compounds behind Uroselectan
- Arthur Cushny (1866-1926) Author of The Secretion of the Urine (1917)
- Arthur Fergusson McGill (1846-1890) Surgeon, Leeds
- Asclepiades of Bithynia Physician in Rome; held that drink reaches the bladder as vapour
- Augustin Fresnel Physicist
- Aulus Cornelius Celsus (c. 25 BC-c. AD 50 (Riches; probable)) Roman writer; author of De Medicina
B
- Baron Heurteloup Lithotritist; presented the percuteur in 1832 and was the first to perform lithotrity in England probable
- Benjamin Franklin Of Philadelphia; designed a flexible silver catheter for his brother in 1752 contested
- Berzelius Chemist; recipient of Wöhler's 1828 letter on urea; renamed cystic oxide 'cystine' in 1833
C
- Carl F. Schmidt Early collaborator of Richards; author of the 1971 National Academy of Sciences memoir of Richards
- Carl Ludwig Physiologist at Marburg; proposed glomerular filtration
- Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786) Chemist; found an acid, later named uric acid, in urinary calculi
- Charles Brenton Huggins (1901-1997) Physician and researcher, University of Chicago from 1927
- Clarence Hodges Huggins's co-author on the 1941 hormone studies
- Curt Räth Chemist at the Agricultural Academy, Berlin; with Binz made the iodinated pyridine compounds
D
- de Romanis Italian surgeon who devised the Marian operation (apparatus major) around 1520 contested
- Dominique-Jean Larrey Napoleon's surgeon; member of the Académie's 1835 commission
E
- Edward H. Kass (1917-1990) Physician; set the quantitative threshold for bacteriuria probable
- Enrico Bottini (1837-1903) Surgeon, Pavia
- Erasistratus Anatomist of Alexandria probable
- Ethel Benedict Gutman Co-author of the 1938 paper on serum acid phosphatase in prostate cancer
- Eugene Fuller (1858-1930) Of New York; published transvesical enucleation of the prostate in 1895
F
- Francesco Roncalli-Parolino Italian who made a flexible catheter of spiral silver covered with silk about 1720
- François Double Physician; member of the Académie's 1835 commission
- Frederic E. B. Foley (1891-1966) Urologist contested
- Friedrich Voelcker (1872-1955) Worked at Heidelberg; with von Lichtenberg introduced retrograde pyelography in 1906
- Friedrich Wöhler (1800-1882) Chemist; made urea artificially in 1828
G
- Galen of Pergamon Physician and experimenter; author of On the Natural Faculties
- Grafton Elliot Smith (1871-1937) Anatomist; from October 1900 professor of anatomy at the Government School of Medicine, Cairo
- Gustav Simon (1824-1876) Surgeon, Heidelberg; author of Chirurgie der Nieren (1871-76)
H
- Harold Hopkins (1918-1994) British physicist (Imperial College, later Reading); the fibrescope (1954) and the rod-lens telescope
- Henry Jacob Bigelow (1818-1890) Boston surgeon; reported surgery under ether in 1846 and introduced litholapaxy in 1878
- Henry Morris (1844-1926) Kidney surgeon and pioneer of nephrolithotomy; author of Surgical Diseases of the Kidney and Ureter (1904) probable
- Henry Thompson (1820-1904) London surgeon and lithotritist; studied with Civiale in 1858
- Hippocrates Name under which the Hippocratic Corpus, including the Aphorisms and the Oath, was written contested
- Hugh Hampton Young (1870-1945) Head of genitourinary surgery at Johns Hopkins from 1897; founded the Journal of Urology in 1917 probable
I
- Isaac Israeli (Isaac Judaeus) (died between c. 932 and c. 950 (sources differ)) Physician at Qayrawan to the first Fatimid caliph; author of the Book of Urine (Kitab al-Bawl) contested
J
- J. Hartwell Harrison (1909-1984) Chief of urology, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston
- J. William White Surgeon, Philadelphia probable
- Jacques Beaulieu (Frère Jacques) (Born 1651; died 1714, 1719 or 1720 (sources differ)) Itinerant lithotomist in a monk-like habit; lateral perineal lithotomy contested
- Jane Turner Pepys's cousin, in whose house in Salisbury Court he was cut for the stone
- Jean Civiale (1792-1867) Paris surgeon; crushed a bladder stone through the urethra of a living patient in 1824 contested
- Joaquín Albarrán (1860-1912) Born in Cuba; pupil and successor of Guyon at the Hôpital Necker, Paris (chair 1906); first in France to catheterise the ureter
- Johann Georg Ilg (1781-1836) Prosector of the Josephinum, Vienna; builder of the improved 'Viennese model' of the Lichtleiter probable
- Johann Jacob Rau Surgeon of Amsterdam, later professor of anatomy at Leiden
- John Caius President of the Royal College of Physicians nine times; kept its Annals from 1555 probable
- John Franklin Benjamin Franklin's brother, of Boston, who suffered from bladder stone
- John Macintyre (1857-1928) Glasgow Royal Infirmary; trained first as an electrician; opened an early hospital X-ray department in 1896
- Josef Leiter (1830-1892) Viennese surgical instrument-maker; built the 1879 cystoscope and the 1886-1887 lamp cystoscope contested
- Joseph E. Murray (1919-2012) Surgeon, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston
- Joseph F. McCarthy (1874-1965) Of New York; designed the Stern-McCarthy resectoscope
- Joseph Treloar Wearn (1893-1984) University of Pennsylvania; proposed and carried out glomerular micropuncture with A. N. Richards
K
- Karl Storz (1911-1996) Founder (1945) of the Tuttlingen endoscope firm; introduced external cold light from 1960 and built the Hopkins rod-lens telescope
- Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna Translator of the Sushruta Samhita into English (Calcutta, 1907-1916)
L
- Leopold Lichtwitz Head of the clinic at Altona, Hamburg, where Swick began testing the compounds; forced out in 1933, he emigrated to New York
- Leopold von Dittel Vienna surgeon; presented the Nitze-Leiter cystoscope on 9 May 1879 and Leiter's lamp cystoscope in March 1887
M
- Mani Menon Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit probable
- Marc Armand Ruffer (1859-1917) Pathologist; professor of bacteriology at the Cairo medical school
- Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694) Anatomist; described the small rounded bodies of the kidney in 1666
- Margaretha Kleb Patient; her kidney was removed by Gustav Simon in 1869 to cure a ureteric fistula
- Mariano Santo (1488-1577) Surgeon of Barletta, pupil of de Romanis, who published the Marian operation
- Matthew Dobson (1732 or 1735 to 1784 (sources differ)) Liverpool physician; showed sugar in diabetic urine and serum (published 1776)
- Maximilian Nitze (1848-1906) Physician in Dresden, later Berlin; devised the lens-telescope cystoscope with a light at the tip contested
- Maximilian Stern (1873-1946) Of New York; devised the resectoscope wire loop
- Moses Swick (1900-1985) American physician (born Moses Goldstein; Columbia MD 1924); discovered the urographic use of Uroselectan in 1929 contested
N
- Napoleon III Exiled former emperor of the French, living at Camden Place, Chislehurst
- Narinder Singh Kapany (1926-2020) Co-author of the 1954 fibrescope letter; later coined the term 'fiber optics' (1960)
- Niccolò Massa (1489-1569) Anatomist, Venice
O
- Otis K. Newell Author, in Boston in 1887, of an account of the electric-light cystoscope that gave Leiter the main credit
P
- Patrick C. Walsh Surgeon, Johns Hopkins contested
- Paul Raiche Of the Davol Rubber Company probable
- Peter Freyer (1851-1921) Surgeon, London; formerly of the Indian Medical Service contested
- Philip Syng Silversmith, probably the maker of Franklin's catheter probable
- Philipp Bozzini (1773-1809) Physician in Frankfurt; inventor of the Lichtleiter (light conductor)
- Pierre Franco (c. 1500 to c. 1578 (sources vary)) Barber-surgeon at Berne and Lausanne
- Pierre Salomon Ségalas Presented a candle-lit urethro-cystic speculum to the Académie des sciences in Paris in 1826
- Pierre-Louis Dulong Chemist; member of the Académie's 1835 commission
- Pieter Donker (1914-1999) Retired Dutch urologist and neuro-urologist, Leiden
R
- Ralph V. Clayman Washington University, St Louis; led the first laparoscopic nephrectomy
- Richard Bright (1789-1858) Physician at Guy's Hospital, London
- Richard Herrick Recipient of the 1954 twin kidney transplant
- Ronald Herrick Donor in the 1954 twin kidney transplant
- Rudolf Heidenhain (1834-1897) Physiologist; revived the secretion theory in 1874 contested
S
- Samuel Pepys Diarist; cut for the stone in 1658
- Siméon-Denis Poisson Mathematician; member of the Académie's 1835 commission
- Sushruta Surgeon to whom the Sanskrit Sushruta Samhita is attributed contested disputed
T
- The Colot (Collot) family French family of lithotomists over some eight generations, among them Laurent Colot (1520-1590) and François Colot (1630-1706) probable
- Theodor Bilharz Physician; found the adult blood fluke at the Kasr el-Aini Hospital, Cairo probable
- Theodore M. Davis (born 1889) Electrical engineer (1905 to 1909), then physician (MD, University of Maryland, 1914)
- Theophilus Protospatharius Byzantine author of De urinis, a treatise on urine contested
- Thomas A. Stamey Stanford; first author of the 1987 paper on PSA as a serum marker
- Thomas Brian English physician; author of The Pisse-Prophet (1637). One source places his practice at Colchester.
- Thomas Edison Inventor; filed US patent 223,898 for an electric lamp on 4 November 1879
- Thomas Hollier (1609-1690) Surgeon at St Thomas's Hospital and surgeon for the stone to the House of Commons; cut Pepys probable
- Thomas Linacre (c. 1460-1524) First president of the Royal College of Physicians of London contested probable
- Thomas Willis Oxford physician; author of Pharmaceutice rationalis (1674) contested
W
- W. H. S. Jones Classicist; translator of the Loeb Hippocrates, vol. I (1923)
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Physicist at Würzburg; discovered X-rays in November 1895
- Wilhelm Stricker Author of the 1876 Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie entry on Bozzini, the first source for the 'magic lantern' phrase
- William Bowman (1816-1892) Anatomist; described the capsule around the glomerulus (1842) and proposed tubular secretion
- William Cheselden (1688-1752) Surgeon, St Thomas's Hospital, London
- William Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) Chemist; described 'cystic oxide' (cystine) in 1810
- William Shakespeare Playwright