Alfred Newton Richards
University of Pennsylvania; led the frog micropuncture work with Wearn
- Dates
- 1876-1966 (source: Schmidt 1971, NAS Biographical Memoir of Alfred Newton Richards )
- Chapters
- V. What the Water Knew
What the film says
-
With Wearn, drew fluid from the capsule of a single glomerulus in a frog's kidney.
-
Answered the objection that a frog is not a mammal, to an ovation.
On the timeline
- 1919-1920: Carl Schmidt, working with Richards, watches the circulation of the living frog kidney under a low-power microscope. timeline
- December 1920: In Philadelphia the team watches Robert Chambers demonstrate micromanipulation; Wearn proposes using it to draw fluid from the glomerular space. timeline
- December 1921: Wearn and Richards give a preliminary report to the American Physiological Society; the frog-to-mammal objection is raised and Richards's reply wins an ovation. timeline
- 1924: Wearn and Richards publish their observations on the composition of glomerular urine in the American Journal of Physiology. timeline
- 1925: Wearn and Richards report chloride concentrations in frog glomerular urine. timeline
- 1933: Bordley and Richards publish quantitative studies of glomerular urine. timeline
- From 1941: Micropuncture work moves from frogs, snakes and Necturus to mammals. probable timeline
- 1971: Carl F. Schmidt's National Academy of Sciences memoir of Richards records the origin of micropuncture and the 1921 objection. timeline
Sources
Sources